How to Use France's Fast-Track Squatter Evacuation Procedure

Start by checking whether the occupants entered without permission by force, threat, deception, or similar conduct. The French public service explains that a tenant who stays after a lease is not treated the same way as a squatter, so do not assume every unlawful occupation uses this fast-track route. If the facts are unclear, get legal advice before taking action.

Do not try to force entry, remove belongings, shut off utilities, or pressure the occupants to leave. France's official guidance says owners should not force squatters out themselves and should instead seek expulsion or forced evacuation through the proper channels. Staying calm also helps preserve evidence and avoids creating a separate legal problem.

The fast-track procedure begins with a complaint for home violation or illegal occupation. You can find a local police station or gendarmerie through the official Ma Securite contact finder, then bring identification and all documents you have. Ask for a copy or record of the complaint for your prefecture file.

Collect title deeds, tax documents, utility bills, insurance records, photos, mail, and neighbor statements. Under the official French procedure, the applicant must prove that the property is their home or belongs to them before asking the prefect to act. Keep originals safe and prepare copies in a clear folder.

The occupation must be confirmed by an authorized person, such as a judicial police officer, the mayor, or a commissioner of justice. A commissioner of justice can draw up a formal report and may help identify at least one occupant if the case later needs court action. This step turns the situation from a private claim into a documented file.

After the complaint, proof, and official finding are ready, send a written request to the department prefect asking for a formal notice requiring the occupants to leave. Article 38 of the DALO law says the prefect must decide within 48 hours of receiving the request, after considering the occupants' personal and family situation. This is the lesser-known fast-track route behind many quick recovery stories.

If the prefect issues the notice, the departure deadline is at least 24 hours when the occupied place is the applicant's domicile, and at least 7 days in other covered housing cases. If the occupants do not leave by the deadline, the prefect must proceed with forced evacuation without delay unless the applicant objects. French guidance also states that the winter truce does not apply to squatters in this procedure.

If the prefect refuses or the facts do not meet the fast-track conditions, ask a lawyer about filing before the protection litigation judge. The French public service notes that free legal consultations may be available through Point-justice offices or bar associations. A lawyer can also help avoid mistakes if the occupant is a former tenant, guest, or rental customer rather than a squatter.

French Penal Code article 226-4 provides penalties for entering and remaining in another person's home through prohibited means, and it includes certain furnished dwelling spaces whether or not they are the person's main residence. Knowing the legal definition and penalties can help you explain the complaint clearly. Still, let officials handle enforcement.